Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time
GPUs have a large number of general-purpose compute cores and can be flexibly scheduled through programming models such as CUDA, making them naturally suited to the frequent matrix operations and gradient backpropagation in training; NPUs, by contrast, are dedicated chips customized for neural network inference, typically using systolic arrays or TPU-like dataflow architectures, highly optimized for fixed operators, but with closed programming models and limited support for dynamic computation graphs, making it traditionally difficult for NPUs to carry training workloads.
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Long-term
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10/13/2026
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