[KongchangAI]
Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time

Under the naive read-modify-write pattern, multiple asynchronous processes reading and writing the same account simultaneously can lead to double-spend vulnerabilities; a pure double-entry ledger does not store a mutable balance column, so the attack vector shifts to summing the entries, but under high concurrency inserting conflicting transactions can still introduce races.

1
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50%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
10/13/2026
First Seen

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