Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time
The concept of the design effect (DEFF) was proposed by statistician Leslie Kish in the 1960s and can be approximated as 1 plus the square of the coefficient of variation of weights (DEFF ≈ 1 + CV²).
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8/5/2026
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误差范围是什么意思？教你正确解读民调数据的准确性
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