[KongchangAI]
Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time

Richard Sutton noted in the textbook Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction that Samuel's checkers program is one of the earliest practical implementations of TD learning ideas, predating the formal theorization of TD(λ) by nearly 30 years.

1
Sources
50%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
8/16/2026
First Seen

Sources

塞缪尔跳棋程序:机器学习的真正起点

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