Commodore 64
The Commodore 64 is an 8-bit home computer released by Commodore International in 1982. It uses a MOS 6510 CPU and the BASIC V2 interpreter and is one of the best-selling personal computer models in history.
Timeline (last 90 days)
The C64's BASIC variable area begins near memory address $0801.
In C64 BASIC, the stairway mechanism stores each map layer's stairway positions in an array and uses coordinate comparison to determine whether the player has stepped onto a stairway cell, triggering the loading of the next map layer's data while preserving player state.
BASIC V2 declares integer variables with the % suffix, which saves memory and avoids floating-point rounding errors, but the interpreter still performs operations in a floating-point accumulator internally, so the performance benefit comes mainly from storage rather than arithmetic itself.
On the C64, directly POKEing screen character memory and color memory to draw map cells is more than an order of magnitude faster than calling PRINT character by character.
On the C64, screen character memory is located in the 1000-byte region starting at $0400, and color memory is located at $D800.
C64 BASIC has no structs, pointers, or local variables; subroutines can only communicate through global variables.
In C64 BASIC, the typical implementation combining the random seed with preset templates is to use fixed templates to ensure reasonable placement of key elements such as stairways, entrances, and boss rooms, then use RND to fill in monsters, traps, and decorations.
In C64 BASIC, the random seed is not an independent variable that can be directly read or written, but is set indirectly by passing a negative number to RND to establish the sequence's starting point.
In C64 BASIC, RND(1) returns a floating-point number between 0 and 1, underlain by a linear congruential generator whose seed resets on each RUN or call to RND(-x).
In C64 BASIC, storing an entire map layer in a two-dimensional array quickly consumes the limited memory; sparse data (such as stairway positions) should record only coordinate pairs or be encoded into DATA statements and read on demand.
19 more timeline events
All Facts (20)
Commodore 64、ZX Spectrum、BBC Micro等家用电脑在80年代以数百美元的价格进入普通家庭，BASIC成为那个时代的通用编程语言
85%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, the stairway mechanism stores each map layer's stairway positions in an array and uses coordinate comparison to determine whether the player has stepped onto a stairway cell, triggering the loading of the next map layer's data while preserving player state.
50%UnverifiedThe C64's BASIC variable area begins near memory address $0801.
50%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, each numeric value is stored by default in a 5-byte floating-point format.
50%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, storing an entire map layer in a two-dimensional array quickly consumes the limited memory; sparse data (such as stairway positions) should record only coordinate pairs or be encoded into DATA statements and read on demand.
50%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, RND(1) returns a floating-point number between 0 and 1, underlain by a linear congruential generator whose seed resets on each RUN or call to RND(-x).
50%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, the random seed is not an independent variable that can be directly read or written, but is set indirectly by passing a negative number to RND to establish the sequence's starting point.
50%UnverifiedIn C64 BASIC, the typical implementation combining the random seed with preset templates is to use fixed templates to ensure reasonable placement of key elements such as stairways, entrances, and boss rooms, then use RND to fill in monsters, traps, and decorations.
50%UnverifiedC64 BASIC has no structs, pointers, or local variables; subroutines can only communicate through global variables.
50%UnverifiedOn the C64, screen character memory is located in the 1000-byte region starting at $0400, and color memory is located at $D800.
50%UnverifiedOn the C64, directly POKEing screen character memory and color memory to draw map cells is more than an order of magnitude faster than calling PRINT character by character.
50%UnverifiedBASIC V2 declares integer variables with the % suffix, which saves memory and avoids floating-point rounding errors, but the interpreter still performs operations in a floating-point accumulator internally, so the performance benefit comes mainly from storage rather than arithmetic itself.
50%UnverifiedVICE (Versatile Commodore Emulator) is the most mainstream software emulator in the C64 community, cross-platform and open source.
50%UnverifiedC64 hardware documentation is highly public, with schematics, chip manuals, and memory maps all available, which provides fertile ground for hardware-level emulation.
50%UnverifiedA hardware-level emulator for the Commodore 64 has drawn attention in the technical community, allowing users to "break" chips and pins and observe the system's reaction in real time.
50%UnverifiedCommon C64 emulators (such as VICE) emulate CPU, memory, and I/O behavior at the software level, with the goal of running old games and programs on modern devices.
50%UnverifiedThe glyphs printed on keycaps often differ from the bitmap fonts displayed on screen, because keycap fonts are designed for printing and human visual recognition.
50%UnverifiedThe Commodore 64's system font uses an 8×8 pixel grid.
50%UnverifiedThe Commodore 64 was released in 1982 by Commodore Business Machines at a price of $595.
50%UnverifiedThe Commodore 64 uses the VIC-II graphics chip and the SID audio chip.
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