Nanoimprint Lithography

A manufacturing process that replicates nanoscale patterns through physical imprinting rather than optical exposure. A mold carrying predefined micro- and nanostructures is pressed into a deformable material on a substrate; after curing, the mold is released to yield high-fidelity pattern copies. Resolution is not constrained by optical wavelength, making the technique well suited for large-area, high-throughput replication.