Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time
Academic research indicates that the impact of survivorship bias on backtesting results may be as high as 1–3 percentage points of return bias per year.
1
Sources
50%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
8/11/2026
First Seen
Sources
金融机器学习模型为何难以评估？核心挑战与避坑指南
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