Unverified85% confidenceTradeoffTime unknown
镇痛效果与副作用风险成正比：NSAIDs镇痛强但伤肝肾胃，阿片类镇痛更强但有呼吸抑制和管制限制，慢性轻度疼痛应从低风险的NSAIDs或加巴喷丁起步而非直接上强效药
1
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85%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
-
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Unverified止痛强度与副作用风险呈正相关：阿片类镇痛强但有镇静、便秘、呼吸抑制风险；NSAIDs较温和但伤胃肾。慢性温和管理选NSAIDs，急性剧痛短期用阿片类过渡93% similarUnverifiedNSAIDs镇痛效果强、起效快但胃肠道溃疡和肝肾风险高；加巴喷丁副作用小（主要为嗜睡）但对炎性痛效果弱，更适合神经性疼痛和辅助镇痛85% similarUnverified止痛越强越快的NSAIDs对胃肠道和肾脏负担越大；偶发轻中度痛经可选对乙酰氨基酚（对胃友好），频繁重度痛经再上布洛芬/萘普生84% similarUnverifiedNSAID外用药镇痛强度与全身副作用的权衡：外用双氯芬酸/吲哚美辛全身吸收远低于口服，但仍有极小比例经皮吸收，长期大面积使用者仍需注意胃肠和肾脏风险82% similarUnverified镇痛强度越强的阿片类药物越依赖处方且监管越严，副作用（镇静、便秘、呼吸抑制）也越明显，慢性居家管理更倾向选择NSAIDs或加巴喷丁而非阿片类81% similar
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