HD Map
A high-definition map used for autonomous driving that contains detailed information such as lane lines, traffic signs, and curbs. It assists with vehicle localization and path planning, and improves system robustness particularly when fused with multiple sensors.
Timeline (last 90 days)
To cope with winter perception limitations, autonomous driving systems typically need to fuse data from multiple sensors such as millimeter-wave radar and inertial measurement units, and rely on high-definition maps for positioning.
LiDAR can directly output precise three-dimensional distance point clouds, giving it an advantage in ranging and under harsh conditions such as nighttime and backlighting; high-precision maps pre-store static information such as lane lines, speed limit values and school zone locations.
The transition from map-based to map-free is an architecture-level reconstruction: under the map-free approach, the perception module significantly expands its scope to include map localization and is tightly coupled with planning.
The HD map approach relies on pre-collected and continuously updated centimeter-level precision maps, which carry extremely high maintenance costs, and the map coverage area determines the upper limit of the system's operational region.
High-definition maps contain centimeter-level precision static information including lane markings, road signs, traffic signal locations, gradients, and curvature.
Before entering each new city, Waymo must collect local high-definition maps from scratch, a process that typically takes weeks to months.
High-definition maps record static road information under clear-weather conditions, and when road surfaces are covered by water, a discrepancy arises between the map and reality, causing the system to potentially still identify such areas as drivable zones.
All Facts (7)
To cope with winter perception limitations, autonomous driving systems typically need to fuse data from multiple sensors such as millimeter-wave radar and inertial measurement units, and rely on high-definition maps for positioning.
50%UnverifiedLiDAR can directly output precise three-dimensional distance point clouds, giving it an advantage in ranging and under harsh conditions such as nighttime and backlighting; high-precision maps pre-store static information such as lane lines, speed limit values and school zone locations.
50%UnverifiedThe transition from map-based to map-free is an architecture-level reconstruction: under the map-free approach, the perception module significantly expands its scope to include map localization and is tightly coupled with planning.
50%UnverifiedThe HD map approach relies on pre-collected and continuously updated centimeter-level precision maps, which carry extremely high maintenance costs, and the map coverage area determines the upper limit of the system's operational region.
50%UnverifiedHigh-definition maps contain centimeter-level precision static information including lane markings, road signs, traffic signal locations, gradients, and curvature.
50%UnverifiedBefore entering each new city, Waymo must collect local high-definition maps from scratch, a process that typically takes weeks to months.
50%UnverifiedHigh-definition maps record static road information under clear-weather conditions, and when road surfaces are covered by water, a discrepancy arises between the map and reality, causing the system to potentially still identify such areas as drivable zones.
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