Verified65% confidenceFactExact time
The third-party doctrine originates from Smith v. Maryland (1979), which holds that information voluntarily disclosed to a third party does not enjoy a reasonable expectation of privacy under the Fourth Amendment.
3
Sources
65%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
7/20/2026
First Seen
Sources
Related Claims
Unverified第三方原则源于1979年的Smith v. Maryland案，最高法院裁定电话拨号记录不受第四修正案保护，因为用户自愿将号码信息传递给电信公司77% similarUnverifiedThe Third-Party Doctrine in U.S. law holds that information individuals voluntarily expose to others in public spaces is not protected by Fourth Amendment privacy protections.77% similarUnverifiedU.S. courts have held under the third-party doctrine that information voluntarily disclosed to a third party is not protected by the Fourth Amendment.76% similarUnverifiedIn 2021, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Van Buren v. United States that merely accessing information one is authorized to access but for an improper purpose does not constitute a violation of the CFAA.60% similarVerifiedIn trade secret litigation, the plaintiff must prove that the information has independent economic value, that reasonable confidentiality measures have been taken, and that the defendant engaged in misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure—all three elements are indispensable.59% similar
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