Unverified50% confidenceFactExact time
The Third-Party Doctrine in U.S. law holds that information individuals voluntarily expose to others in public spaces is not protected by Fourth Amendment privacy protections.
1
Sources
50%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
10/9/2026
First Seen
Sources
Related Entities
Related Claims
UnverifiedU.S. courts have held under the third-party doctrine that information voluntarily disclosed to a third party is not protected by the Fourth Amendment.77% similarVerifiedThe third-party doctrine originates from Smith v. Maryland (1979), which holds that information voluntarily disclosed to a third party does not enjoy a reasonable expectation of privacy under the Fourth Amendment.77% similarUnverifiedThe privacy covenant contains three core clauses: silent screen reading must require physical authorization, using private data for commercial training is strictly prohibited, and a single-day financial limit is set for autonomous payments made by intelligent agents.73% similarUnverifiedThe Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures and is the constitutional cornerstone of U.S. citizens' right to privacy.72% similarUnverified在中国《民法典》第1032条规定自然人享有隐私权，未经同意录制他人谈话可能构成侵权66% similar
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