CRDT
A data structure used in distributed computing that achieves eventual consistency across multiple replicas without requiring a central coordination node. It is commonly used in collaborative editing and distributed system synchronization scenarios.
Core Facts
The core algorithm of real-time collaborative products is OT (Operational Transformation) or the more modern CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type).
Local-First是由Ink & Switch实验室在2019年提出的软件设计理念，核心原则是数据主要存储在用户本地设备上
Zed has a built-in CRDT algorithm to support real-time multi-user collaborative editing.
Timeline (last 90 days)
Multi-user collaborative editing capability usually relies on backend services to manage document state, conflict merging, and permission control, for example Figma uses OT or CRDT algorithms to synchronize multiple users' real-time operations.
The specific merge mechanism adopted by Rune (such as OT or CRDT) has not yet been publicly disclosed.
Ink & Switch has conducted extensive exploration in cutting-edge directions including CRDTs, end-to-end encrypted collaboration, and programmable canvases.
The 'Local-first Software' paper directly drove the widespread adoption of open-source CRDT libraries such as Automerge.
The Ink & Switch research team published the paper 'Local-first Software' in 2019, providing a systematic overview of the application of CRDTs in collaborative tools.
Git-bug's bridge mechanism adopts a CRDT-like approach, recording each operation as an immutable event stream to achieve deterministic merging during concurrent modifications across multiple endpoints.
The UUID + timestamp scheme currently used by Capsule is a Last-Write-Wins strategy and is not yet a complete CRDT.
The CRDT data structure natively supports concurrent writes without requiring a central arbitration node to serialize operations, reducing collaboration latency and improving robustness in offline scenarios.
Figma's collaborative editing is based on CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type) technology, which, compared to the OT algorithm, does not rely on a central server for conflict arbitration.
Automerge is led by Martin Kleppmann, a core member of Ink & Switch, and provides a JSON-like CRDT document model.
10 more timeline events
All Facts (20)
The core algorithm of real-time collaborative products is OT (Operational Transformation) or the more modern CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type).
80%VerifiedLocal-First是由Ink & Switch实验室在2019年提出的软件设计理念，核心原则是数据主要存储在用户本地设备上
80%VerifiedZed has a built-in CRDT algorithm to support real-time multi-user collaborative editing.
75%VerifiedCRDTs (Conflict-free Replicated Data Types) achieve compatibility between local storage and multi-device collaboration through deterministic, commutative merge operations.
75%VerifiedGoogle Docs uses OT (Operational Transformation) technology, while a new generation of collaborative tools such as Figma and Linear have shifted to CRDT.
70%VerifiedAutomerge and Yjs are the two most widely used open-source CRDT libraries.
70%VerifiedGoogle Docs uses the Operational Transformation (OT) algorithm under the hood, while Figma adopts CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Types); both avoid conflicts by propagating operation intent in real time.
65%UnverifiedZed的实时协作功能采用了CRDT（无冲突复制数据类型）算法
90%UnverifiedCRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type) was formally proposed by Marc Shapiro et al. in 2011, with its mathematical foundation being Lattice Theory.
60%UnverifiedMulti-user collaborative editing capability usually relies on backend services to manage document state, conflict merging, and permission control, for example Figma uses OT or CRDT algorithms to synchronize multiple users' real-time operations.
50%UnverifiedThe specific merge mechanism adopted by Rune (such as OT or CRDT) has not yet been publicly disclosed.
50%UnverifiedInk & Switch has conducted extensive exploration in cutting-edge directions including CRDTs, end-to-end encrypted collaboration, and programmable canvases.
50%UnverifiedThe Ink & Switch research team published the paper 'Local-first Software' in 2019, providing a systematic overview of the application of CRDTs in collaborative tools.
50%UnverifiedThe 'Local-first Software' paper directly drove the widespread adoption of open-source CRDT libraries such as Automerge.
50%UnverifiedGit-bug's bridge mechanism adopts a CRDT-like approach, recording each operation as an immutable event stream to achieve deterministic merging during concurrent modifications across multiple endpoints.
50%UnverifiedThe UUID + timestamp scheme currently used by Capsule is a Last-Write-Wins strategy and is not yet a complete CRDT.
50%UnverifiedThe CRDT data structure natively supports concurrent writes without requiring a central arbitration node to serialize operations, reducing collaboration latency and improving robustness in offline scenarios.
50%UnverifiedFigma's collaborative editing is based on CRDT (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type) technology, which, compared to the OT algorithm, does not rely on a central server for conflict arbitration.
50%UnverifiedAutomerge is led by Martin Kleppmann, a core member of Ink & Switch, and provides a JSON-like CRDT document model.
50%UnverifiedAchieving a true Multiplayer experience requires solving underlying technical challenges such as real-time synchronization (typically based on CRDT or Operational Transformation algorithms), state management, and conflict resolution.
50%